G\u00fcne\u015f, Anadolu\u2019da bir do\u011fa varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131 do\u011frultuda ele al\u0131n\u0131p i\u015flenmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk olarak g\u00fcne\u015f bir tanr\u0131d\u0131r, koruyucudur ve b\u00fct\u00fcn evrenin y\u00f6neticisidir. Tanr\u0131 kabul edilen g\u00fcne\u015f canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve ya\u015fam\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Son olarak g\u00fcne\u015f krald\u0131r ve Anadolu\u2019da yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00f6neten krallar onun soyundan gelmi\u015ftir. Anadolu, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle Mezopotamya\u2019n\u0131n etkisinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mezopotamya k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ve \u00f6zellikle inan\u00e7 sisteminin etkisi alt\u0131nda kalmas\u0131 hususunda Asurlular ile Hurriler\u2019in \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde katk\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bu durumun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesinde Hurriler\u2019in ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 co\u011frafyan\u0131n etkisi b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Zira Hurri leh\u00e7esini konu\u015fan insanlar; Nuzi\u2019de Asurlular, Mari\u2019de Amurrular, Ugarit ve Alalah\u2019ta Kenanl\u0131lar, Kilikya ve Kapadokya\u2019da ise Hititler ile kom\u015fu olarak ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.38 Bu k\u00fclt\u00fcrel etkile\u015fim esnas\u0131nda Mezopotamya\u2019n\u0131n Enlil\u2019i Hurrilere Kumarbi ad\u0131yla ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Ea, Eya ad\u0131yla transfer olurken, Sin\u2019in yerini Ku\u0161uh, \u0160ama\u0161\u2019\u0131n yerini \u0160imegi alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00a0G\u00fcne\u015f tanr\u0131s\u0131na; Hititler Utu, Luviler \u015eime\u011fe, Mitanniler ile \u0130ran co\u011frafyas\u0131nda Mitra, Urartular\u2019da Ardini ad\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Frigler\u2019de ise Kybele\u2019den sonra en tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f tanr\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda, G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Sabazios bulunmaktad\u0131r. Anadolu\u2019nun en bat\u0131s\u0131nda yer alan Likya\u2019da \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6nemli tanr\u0131 vard\u0131r ki bunlar Leto, Apollon ve Artemis\u2019tir. \u00a0Leto ve Artemis geleneksel \u201cAna Tanr\u0131\u00e7a\u201d \u00f6rneklerinden iki tanesidir.Bu tanr\u0131lardan \u00f6nemli bir yeri olan Apollon\u2019dan ise Yunan din ve mitolojisinde, tanr\u0131lar\u0131n en Yunanl\u0131s\u0131 olarak bahsedilmektedir. Oysa Apollon, Mezopotamya\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Utu ile olduk\u00e7a benzer \u00f6zellikler ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Apollon \u00f6yle bir g\u00fcne\u015f tanr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn iyiliklerin onun sayesinde geldi\u011fine inan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Batakl\u0131klar onun sayesinde kurumaktad\u0131r, meyveler ve hububatlar\u0131 olgunla\u015ft\u0131ran, insanlar ile hayvanlar\u0131 koruyan ve \u015fifa da\u011f\u0131tan bu tanr\u0131dan ba\u015fkas\u0131 de\u011fildir. Me\u015fhur Yunan \u015fairi Homeros, Odysseia\u2019s\u0131nda g\u00fcne\u015f tanr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bu \u00f6zelliklerini \u015f\u00f6yle dile getirmi\u015ftir: Yana\u015ft\u0131r\u0131nca sa\u011flam yap\u0131l\u0131 gemiyi \u00c7atal Adas\u0131\u2019na, otlayan inekler g\u00f6receksiniz ve besili koyunlar,
\nher \u015feyi g\u00f6ren ve i\u015fiten G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u2019n\u0131nd\u0131r onlar, Akl\u0131n fikrin d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte olursa, dokunmazsan bu s\u00fcr\u00fclere, Belki var\u0131rs\u0131n o zaman \u0130thake\u2019ye, \u00e7ile doldura doldura. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu bilgilerden hareketle Apollon\u2019un Yunan co\u011frafyas\u0131na sonradan girdi\u011fini \u00e7\u0131karabiliriz. Mezopotamya\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Utu ile olduk\u00e7a benzerlikler g\u00f6steren Apollon, Yunanistan\u2019a Anadolu yolu ile ge\u00e7mi\u015f olabilir.<\/p>\n
Zira bu tanr\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcne, Anadolu\u2019da Patara, Didyma ve Klaros gibi bir\u00e7ok yerde rastlan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Anadolu\u2019da \u00f6zellikle Hititler d\u00f6neminde g\u00fcne\u015fe tap\u0131nman\u0131n \u00e7ok yayg\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. G\u00fcne\u015fin do\u011fu\u015fu kutsal bir olay olarak yorumlanm\u0131\u015f ve Hitit krallar\u0131 g\u00fcndo\u011fumunda g\u00fcne\u015fe d\u00f6nerek g\u00fcnl\u00fck dini t\u00f6renlerini yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle g\u00fcne\u015fin g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde g\u00f6r\u00fcnme s\u00fcresinin \u00e7o\u011falmaya ya da azalmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcn d\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fc zamanlar\u0131nda \u00f6zel t\u00f6renler d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir. \u00a0Daha da \u00f6nemlisi Hitit krallar\u0131 \u201cG\u00fcne\u015fim\u201d olarak nitelenmi\u015fler ve \u201cG\u00fcne\u015f\u201d, \u201cG\u00fcne\u015fin o\u011flu\u201d, \u201cG\u00fcne\u015fin torunlar\u0131\u201d s\u0131fatlar\u0131na ya da adlar\u0131na sahip olmu\u015flard\u0131r. Hititler\u2019de \u201cG\u00fcne\u015fim\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki majeste kavram\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yd\u0131. Hitit d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesine g\u00f6re krallar \u00f6ld\u00fckten sonra tanr\u0131 olmaktayd\u0131. \u00d6ld\u00fckleri zaman tanr\u0131 olan Hitit krallar\u0131 kendilerini G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131\u2019na ba\u011flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Krallar\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131 olduklar\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Hitit panteonunda \u00f6nemli bir yeri olan G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131, \u00f6zellikle bereketle alakal\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131 bir g\u00fcn Deniz Tanr\u0131s\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve onun gitmesiyle \u00fclkede b\u00fcy\u00fck bir ayaz meydana gelmi\u015f, hayat felce u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n kaybolu\u015funu anlatan mitosun ilgili b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u015f\u00f6yledir:
\n\u201c\u2026 Ayaz (hahhima) b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkeyi felce u\u011fratt\u0131. Sular\u0131 kuruttu. Ayaz b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Sonra
\nF\u0131rt\u0131na Tanr\u0131s\u0131 o\u011flu r\u00fczg\u00e2ra \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor: \u201cDa\u011flar\u0131n, bah\u00e7elerin, k\u0131rlar\u0131n sular\u0131n
\nserinleticili\u011fini \u00fclkeye getir. Fakat onlar\u0131 felce u\u011fratma.\u201d<\/p>\n
O bitkileri, \u00fclkeleri, s\u0131\u011f\u0131r, koyun, k\u00f6pek ve domuzlar\u0131 felce u\u011fratt\u0131. Fakat o kalplerin \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 olan \u00fcr\u00fcnleri felce u\u011fratmayacak. O e\u011fer onlar\u0131 felce u\u011fratmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rsa, don ya\u011f\u0131 onlar\u0131n i\u00e7ini kaplayacak\u2026
\nBu mitosa konu olan g\u00fcne\u015fin bereketi sa\u011flamas\u0131, t\u0131pk\u0131 Mezopotamya\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi Hititlerde de ilkbahar mevsiminde yap\u0131lan festivallerle kutlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buradaki ama\u00e7 da k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131n\u0131n durgunlu\u011fundan sonra d\u00fcnyan\u0131n yeniden canlanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatmakt\u0131r. Bir Hitit metninde \u201cinsanlar\u0131n kaderlerini tayin etmek\u201d amac\u0131yla tanr\u0131lar\u0131n bir araya geldiklerinden bahseden bir ifade vard\u0131r ve bu ifade g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir bi\u00e7imde Hititlerde, rit\u00fcel \u015feklinde yerine getirilen bir toplant\u0131 olan ve Babil\u2019dekine benzer bir bi\u00e7imde, bir Yeni Y\u0131l Festivali\u2019nin mevcut oldu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Di\u011fer taraftan Hitit panteonunun en \u00f6nemli tanr\u0131\u00e7alar\u0131ndan bir tanesi \u201cArinna\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131\u201dd\u0131r. Bu tanr\u0131\u00e7aya tap\u0131nman\u0131n Eski Hitit D\u00f6nemi\u2019nden itibaren var oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
I. Hattu\u0161ili\u2019nin alt\u0131 y\u0131ll\u0131k icraatlar\u0131n\u0131 anlatan y\u0131ll\u0131klar\u0131nda ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en Arinna\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131\u2019n\u0131n panteondaki yerinin ne kadar \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. S\u00f6z konusu y\u0131ll\u0131klarda, I. Hattu\u0161ili kendisini tanr\u0131\u00e7an\u0131n sevgilisi olarak beyan etmektedir ve onun tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131na bol ganimet getirdi\u011fi anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Hitit panteonunda Arinna\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 ile Tanr\u0131\u00e7a Hepat \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. F\u0131rt\u0131na Tanr\u0131s\u0131 Te\u0161up\u2019un (DU) e\u015fi olan Hepat verimlilik tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r, g\u00fcne\u015f yuvar\u0131yla \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015fir; hem g\u00f6ksel tanr\u0131\u00e7a olarak g\u00f6kcismi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131r, hem de g\u00fcne\u015f batarken yerin derinliklerine inmek i\u00e7in g\u00f6\u011f\u00fc terk etti\u011finden yer alt\u0131 tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Bu tanr\u0131\u00e7an\u0131n ad\u0131 S\u00fcmerce ideogram DUTU ile yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcn\u00fcn Anadolu\u2019daki en iyi bilinen tap\u0131na\u011f\u0131 Arinna kentinde oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bu tanr\u0131\u00e7a, Arinna\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 olarak bilinmektedir. Hepat ile Arinna\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131\u2019n\u0131n e\u015fit g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc yaz\u0131l\u0131 belgelerde de g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Belli\u2019den aktarm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fumuz belgede bu e\u015fitlik \u015fu s\u00f6zlerle dile getirilmi\u015ftir: \u201cArinna\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131, benim efendim; b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00fclkelerin krali\u00e7esi.<\/p>\n
”Sen Hitit \u00dclkesi\u2019nde Arinna\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 ad\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131rs\u0131n. Sedir (a\u011fa\u00e7lar\u0131) \u00dclkesinde ise ad\u0131n Hepat\u2019t\u0131r”. Bu belge Arinna\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 ile Tanr\u0131\u00e7a Hepat\u2019\u0131n ayn\u0131 tanr\u0131\u00e7a oldu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. Yaz\u0131l\u0131kaya\u2019da ad\u0131 hiyeroglif i\u015faretleri ile Hurrice \u201che-pa-tu\u201d olarak yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f tanr\u0131\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
Yaz\u0131da \u00fc\u00e7 i\u015faretten olu\u015fan ve Yaz\u0131l\u0131kaya\u2019n\u0131n ba\u015f tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 olan tanr\u0131\u00e7a, Arinna\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131\u2019d\u0131r. Hepat ile \u00f6zde\u015fle\u015ftirilen bu tanr\u0131\u00e7a, Hitit Devleti\u2019nin ve kraliyetin koruyucusu olmu\u015f, krallar sava\u015fta ve bir tehlike an\u0131nda daima yard\u0131m i\u00e7in ona ba\u015fvurmu\u015flard\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere, Hitit devlet dini kuvvetli bir \u015fekilde Hurri etkisi alt\u0131na girmi\u015ftir. Bu geli\u015fmede ku\u015fkusuz, Kral Hattu\u015fili\u2019nin e\u015fi Krali\u00e7e Puduhepa\u2019n\u0131n ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc ki\u015fili\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fck rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Zira Puduhepa Kizzuvatna\u2019da Kummanili bir prensesti ve Kummani Hepat\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca k\u00fclt merkezlerinden birisiydi. Arinna\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131, Hitit \u0130mparatorluk D\u00f6nemi\u2019inde krali\u00e7e Puduhepa taraf\u0131ndan Tanr\u0131\u00e7a Hepat ile sinkretize edilmi\u015ftir.Hititlerde, Arinna\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 ve g\u00fcne\u015fe verilen b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem krallar\u0131n m\u00fch\u00fcr bask\u0131lar\u0131nda da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00d6rnek olarak verecek oldu\u011fumuz IV. Tuthaliya\u2019n\u0131n Suriye\u2019de Ras-\u015eamra\u2019da bulunan bir tablet \u00fczerindeki m\u00fch\u00fcr bask\u0131s\u0131nda, orta alanda \u201cMajeste\u201d anlam\u0131na gelen kanatl\u0131 g\u00fcne\u015f alt\u0131nda Tuthaliya\u2019n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n hiyeroglifleri yer almaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 m\u00fch\u00fcr bask\u0131s\u0131nda Tuthaliya fig\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn sol yan\u0131nda G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 ve \u00e7ifte g\u00fcne\u015f hiyeroglifleri g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n
Bu noktada g\u00fcne\u015f kurslar\u0131 da \u00fczerinde durulmas\u0131 gereken bir konudur. G\u00fcne\u015f kurslar\u0131 kanatl\u0131 ve kanats\u0131z olmak \u00fczere ba\u015fl\u0131ca iki kategoriye ayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc etmi\u015f oldu\u011fumuz \u201ckanatl\u0131 g\u00fcne\u015f kursu\u201d krall\u0131k simgesi olarak kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve \u201cG\u00fcne\u015f- Kral=Majeste\u201d anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Krallar taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan bu sembol, h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n isimleri ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Kanatl\u0131 g\u00fcne\u015f kursunu sembol olarak ilk kez kullanan I. \u0160uppiluliuma olmu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n
I. \u0160uppiluliuma\u2019dan sonra Hitit kanatl\u0131 g\u00fcne\u015f kursu, krallar\u0131n ve krali\u00e7elerin ikonografilerinin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 haline gelmi\u015ftir. Hitit yaz\u0131l\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131nda ge\u00e7en g\u00fcne\u015f kurslar\u0131 genellikle Arinna\u2019n\u0131n G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 ile ili\u015fkilendirilmektedir. Dini t\u00f6renlerde, bu tanr\u0131\u00e7an\u0131n birden fazla sembol\u00fc kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Erkut\u2019tan nakletmi\u015f oldu\u011fumuz metinde tanr\u0131\u00e7an\u0131n sembolleri buna en g\u00fczel \u00f6rnektir:<\/p>\n
\u201cKahin Arinna kentinin sekiz adet G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131
\n\u0130badet salonuna getirir.
\n(Bunlardan) \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc heykel, be\u015fi g\u00fcne\u015f kursudur\u2026\u201d
\nMetinde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi Arinna G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131 hem heykel hem de g\u00fcne\u015f kursu \u015feklinde temsil edilmektedir. Di\u011fer taraftan antla\u015fma metinleri de bize tanr\u0131lar hakk\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bilgiler vermektedir. Ger\u00e7ekten tanr\u0131 ve tanr\u0131\u00e7alar\u0131n adlar\u0131 siyasi antla\u015fmalar\u0131n sonunda s\u0131ralanarak, antla\u015fmalar\u0131 koruyan ve onlar\u0131n bozulmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan ilahlar olarak ant i\u00e7ilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6rnek olarak verece\u011fimiz, \u0160attiwaza ve I. \u0160uppiluliuma aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan antla\u015fmada say\u0131lan tanr\u0131 ve tanr\u0131\u00e7a isimleri aras\u0131nda, hem g\u00fcne\u015f tanr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n hem de tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7ti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Bu durum g\u00fcne\u015fin Hititler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan ne denli \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermesi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nem arz etmektedir. S\u00f6z konusu antla\u015fmadan verece\u011fimiz b\u00f6l\u00fcm \u015f\u00f6yledir:
\n\u201c\u2026Onlar dursun, dinlesin ve tan\u0131k olsun. Hatti \u00fclkesinde krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve krali\u00e7eli\u011fi y\u00f6neten Arinna \u015fehrinin G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131\u00e7as\u0131, G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn beyi G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131, Hatti \u00fclkesinin beyi F\u0131rt\u0131na Tanr\u0131s\u0131, \u0160erri, Hurri, Nanni da\u011f\u0131, Hazzi da\u011f\u0131, Panay\u0131r\u0131n Beyi F\u0131rt\u0131na Tanr\u0131s\u0131, Kararg\u00e2h\u0131n Beyi F\u0131rt\u0131na Tanr\u0131s\u0131, Yard\u0131m\u0131n Beyi F\u0131rt\u0131na Tanr\u0131s\u0131\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n
Bu antla\u015fma metninde ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131 (nepi\u0161a\u0161 DUTU), muhtemelen Akat\u00e7adan Hitit panteonuna ge\u00e7mi\u015ftir. G\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131, Hititler taraf\u0131ndan adaletin temsilcisi ve bazen de b\u00fct\u00fcn tanr\u0131lar\u0131n kral\u0131 olarak kabul edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Ayr\u0131ca Mezopotamya\u2019da oldu\u011fu gibi Hitit halk\u0131 da hastal\u0131klar\u0131 iyi eden tanr\u0131sal g\u00fcc\u00fcn G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131 oldu\u011funa inanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00dcnal\u2019dan nakledece\u011fimiz bir b\u00fcy\u00fc metninde, b\u00fcy\u00fc uzman\u0131 hastas\u0131n\u0131, hastal\u0131k tanr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n elinden kurtarmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131\u2019na \u015funlar\u0131 dile getirmektedir:
\n\u201cO (b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fc) \u015f\u00f6yle der: G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131 (g\u00f6kte) d\u00f6n\u00fcp dola\u015f\u0131p geldi\u011finde, (hastan\u0131n annesi) Maduta ona (g\u00fcne\u015fe) gitsin ve G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcnde diz \u00e7\u00f6ks\u00fcn (ve \u015fu ricada bulunsun): Ey beyim G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131! [Onu] benim danam\u0131, benim yavrumu (bana) geri ver! Sen \u015fa\u015fal\u0131 G\u00fcne\u015f Tanr\u0131s\u0131, beni dinle!\u201d.<\/p>\n
B\u00fct\u00fcn bu bilgilerden anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, Anadolu toplumlar\u0131 Mezopotamya\u2019dan inan\u00e7 sistemi hususunda olduk\u00e7a etkilenmi\u015flerdir. Ayr\u0131ca do\u011fu-bat\u0131 toplumlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda olu\u015fan etkile\u015fmede vas\u0131ta olarak oynam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu rol a\u00e7\u0131k olup, \u00e7ok eskilere gitmekte ve s\u00fcreklili\u011finin korumaktad\u0131r. Bu noktada, M.\u00d6. 2. bin y\u0131lda Hititler ile akrabalar\u0131n\u0131n Anadolu\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeleriyle do\u011fu ve bat\u0131 toplumlar\u0131n\u0131n kayna\u015fmalar\u0131 daha da h\u0131zlanm\u0131\u015f olmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Zira daha sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde \u00f6zellikle Anadolu\u2019nun orta ve bat\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinde oturan ve Hititlerin miras\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 olarak kabul edilmesi gereken Frig, Lidya, Karya ve Likyal\u0131lar yar\u0131madan\u0131n bat\u0131 sahillerine gelip yerle\u015fen Akalarla s\u0131k\u0131 bir siyasi ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ili\u015fki i\u00e7erisine girmi\u015flerdir. B\u00f6ylece do\u011fu medeniyetinin temel ta\u015f\u0131 olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclen bir\u00e7ok unsur bat\u0131 toplumlar\u0131na ge\u00e7mi\u015f ve Yunan dehas\u0131n\u0131n da yarat\u0131lmas\u0131nda etkin rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Al\u0131nt\u0131…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
G\u00fcne\u015f, Anadolu\u2019da bir do\u011fa varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olarak \u00fc\u00e7 ayr\u0131 do\u011frultuda ele al\u0131n\u0131p i\u015flenmi\u015ftir. \u0130lk olarak g\u00fcne\u015f bir tanr\u0131d\u0131r, koruyucudur ve b\u00fct\u00fcn evrenin y\u00f6neticisidir. Tanr\u0131 kabul edilen g\u00fcne\u015f canl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve ya\u015fam\u0131n kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Son olarak g\u00fcne\u015f krald\u0131r ve Anadolu\u2019da yery\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fc y\u00f6neten krallar onun soyundan gelmi\u015ftir. Anadolu, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel a\u00e7\u0131dan bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00f6zellikle Mezopotamya\u2019n\u0131n etkisinde kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mezopotamya k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ve \u00f6zellikle inan\u00e7 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1538,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1524","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-inanc-sistemleri"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1524","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1524"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1524\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1539,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1524\/revisions\/1539"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1524"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1524"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1524"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}