{"id":1886,"date":"2015-07-03T09:41:59","date_gmt":"2015-07-03T06:41:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/?p=1886"},"modified":"2015-08-08T15:58:39","modified_gmt":"2015-08-08T12:58:39","slug":"alamutta-ogretilen-hashasi-gizli-ogretisi-ve-dereceleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/2015\/07\/alamutta-ogretilen-hashasi-gizli-ogretisi-ve-dereceleri\/","title":{"rendered":"Alamut’ ta \u00d6\u011fretilen Ha\u015fha\u015fi Gizli \u00d6\u011fretisi ve Dereceleri"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

1256 y\u0131l\u0131nda Alamut kalesinin, Mo\u011fol komutan\u0131 H\u00fclagu taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131yla, Nizari \u0130smaili’lerin bir \u00e7o\u011fu Afganistan’a, Himalaya’lara ve \u00f6zellikle Sind’e ka\u00e7t\u0131lar…Baz\u0131 gruplar, zaten daha XI. y\u00fcz y\u0131l kadar erken bir d\u00f6nemde Hindistan’da etkinlik g\u00f6steriyorlard\u0131. Burada, “Bohra”lar ad\u0131yla bilinen \u0130smaili tarikat\u0131 mevcuttu. Bu tarikat\u0131n kurucusu, hen\u00fcz 1067 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Cambay’a g\u00f6\u00e7 eden ve buradan Gujerat’a ge\u00e7en, Abdullah ad\u0131nda bir Yemenliydi. Bug\u00fcn de, Bohra’lar hala bu b\u00f6lgede gizli varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fc\u00e7lerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyorlar.”
\n“…Bir di\u011fer b\u00fcy\u00fck kol, bug\u00fcn \u00f6zellikle Pencap’ta etkin olan “Hoca”lar tarikat\u0131d\u0131r. Bu tarikat\u0131n geleneklerine g\u00f6re, kurucular\u0131 kuzeybat\u0131 Hindistan’a XIII. y\u00fcz y\u0131l ba\u015flar\u0131nda gelen, “Satagut” (ger\u00e7ek \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretmeni) ad\u0131nda bir daidir.”
\n“…A\u011fa Han \u00f6nderli\u011findeki, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f \u0130smaili’lerin dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 temel “Hocalar” tarikat\u0131d\u0131r ve do\u011frudan Nizari \u0130smaili’lerin yani Ha\u015fhi\u015fi’lerin soyundan gelmektedir.”
\n“Bug\u00fcn, A\u011fa Han, tam olarak Prens Kerim el-H\u00fcseyni, A\u011fa Han IV., \u0130smaili’lerin, k\u0131rk dokuzuncu imam\u0131 olup, do\u011frudan Muhammed’in soyundan geldi\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrmektedir. T\u00fcm d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki tahmini yirmi milyon \u0130smaili’nin lideri olup, sadece ba\u011f\u0131\u015flardan olu\u015fan, y\u0131ll\u0131k gelirinin, 1985 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7in 75 milyon Sterlin oldu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.”
\nEdward Burman, The Assassins-Holy Killers of Islam<\/strong>
\nDevrimci bir dahi olarak kabul edilen Hasan Sabbah’\u0131n teolojik ve politik g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri, \u00fclkesinin Araplar taraf\u0131ndan fethedilmesi ve buna ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak \u0130slam dininin kabul edilmesinden sonra, \u0130ran’a \u00f6zg\u00fc ilk dinsel ve politik yarat\u0131md\u0131r. Bu geni\u015f anlamda, Ha\u015fi\u015fi’lerin kurucusunun d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve \u00f6\u011fretilerinin Orta Do\u011fu’daki politik ak\u0131mlar ve dinsel ya\u015fant\u0131 \u00fczerinde uzun menzilli bir etkisinin bulundu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. Hasan Sabbah’\u0131n miras\u0131, bug\u00fcn bir yandan A\u011fa Han taraf\u0131ndan, di\u011fer yandan L\u00fcbnan ve \u0130ran’da bulunan devrimci gruplar taraf\u0131ndan payla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce Okullar\u0131<\/span><\/strong>
\"hasan-sabbah_308712\"<\/a>“Genel olarak \u0130smaili’lerin, \u00f6zel olarak da Nizari \u0130smaili’lerin as\u0131l sorunu, her d\u00f6nemde resmi \u0130slam taraf\u0131ndan sapk\u0131n kabul edilerek bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda tutulmak istenmeleridir (M\u0131s\u0131r Fat\u0131mi halifelerinin <\/span><\/span>y\u00f6netiminde \u0130smaili inanc\u0131n\u0131n resmi dinsel g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f olarak kabul edildi\u011fi d\u00f6nem d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda). Bu bask\u0131n\u0131n sonucu olarak, Ha\u015fi\u015fi inanc\u0131n\u0131n herkesce anla\u015f\u0131labilir bir a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131 hi\u00e7 yap\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ha\u015fi\u015fi’ler kendi \u00f6\u011fretilerini gizli tutmu\u015flar, d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131 ise, sapk\u0131n olduklar\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle, inceleme ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapmadan onlar\u0131 neredeyse yok saym\u0131\u015flard\u0131r.”<\/span>
<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

“Hasan Sabbah, s\u0131radan ki\u015filerin bilgi edinmesine engel olmu\u015f, her kitab\u0131n tehlikesini ve her yazar\u0131n da\u011farc\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 zaten bilenler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, bilginlerin eski kitaplar\u0131 incelemelerine izin vermemi\u015ftir. Yanda\u015flar\u0131 ile birlikte, teoloji alan\u0131nda, “Allah’\u0131m\u0131z Muhammedin Allah’\u0131d\u0131r” demekten \u00f6teye ge\u00e7ememi\u015ftir.” <\/span>
\u015eehrestani<\/span><\/strong>
“\u0130slam bir mesih dini de\u011fildir ve bir kurtar\u0131c\u0131-mesih kavram\u0131na yer vermez. Yine de, b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla H\u0131ristiyan etkisi alt\u0131nda, \u0130slam’da Peygamberin soyundan gelen bir ki\u015fi ya da yeniden d\u00fcnyaya gelen \u0130sa ki\u015fili\u011finde, “iman\u0131n eskatolojik onar\u0131mc\u0131s\u0131” yani “Mehdi” (Tanr\u0131sal Rehber) kavram\u0131 zamanla geli\u015fmi\u015ftir. \u0130sa’n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla, “son yarg\u0131” d\u00f6nemi ba\u015flayacakt\u0131r. \u0130yiler cennete giderken, k\u00f6t\u00fcler cehenneme at\u0131lacaklar; cennette \u00f6d\u00fcller, cehennemde ise cezalar olacakt\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen “Son”dan \u00f6nceki d\u00f6nem de olduk\u00e7a karamsard\u0131r: Kabe yol olacak, Kur’an sayfalar\u0131 bo\u015f ka\u011f\u0131da d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fecek, Kur’an’\u0131n buyruklar\u0131 belleklerden silinecek, Allah bile “Tanr\u0131sal S\u00f6z”\u00fc (logos-kelam) terkedecektir. \u0130\u015fte o zaman k\u0131yamet kopacakt\u0131r.” <\/span>
Encyclopaedia Brittanica<\/span><\/strong>
“\u00c7esitli duygu y\u00fckl\u00fc isimler alt\u0131nda, \u0130sa’dan Kur’an’da tam otuz be\u015f kez s\u00f6zedilir; “Allah’\u0131n Habercisi” ve “Mesih” gibi…Ama, Kur’an’\u0131n hi\u00e7 bir yerinde \u0130sa, \u00f6l\u00fcml\u00fc bir peygamberden, Muhammed’in yolunu a\u00e7an ki\u015fi ve tek y\u00fcce Allah’\u0131n bir s\u00f6zc\u00fcs\u00fc oldu\u011fundan daha farkl\u0131 bir niteli\u011fe sahip de\u011fildir. T\u0131pk\u0131 Basilides ve Mani’nin s\u00f6yledikleri gibi, Kur’an \u0130sa’n\u0131n \u00e7arm\u0131hta \u00f6lmedi\u011fini yazar; “Onu \u00f6ld\u00fcrmediler, onu \u00e7arm\u0131ha germediler, \u00f6yle yapt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 zannettiler”. Bu pek de a\u00e7\u0131k olmayan s\u00f6zler d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka bir yorum yoktur. Ancak \u0130slam yorumcular\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u00f6lmek \u00fczere \u0130sa’n\u0131n yerine ge\u00e7en bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 vard\u0131r. Her zaman olmasa da, bu ki\u015finin Sirene’li Simon oldu\u011fu ileri s\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. Baz\u0131 \u0130slam Yazarlar\u0131, \u0130sa’n\u0131n bir duvar girintisine gizlenerek, t\u0131pk\u0131 Nag-Hammadi yaz\u0131tlar\u0131nda da belirtildi\u011fi gibi, taklidinin \u00e7arm\u0131hta can veri\u015fini izledi\u011fini yazarlar.” <\/span>
Baigent, Leigh, Lincoln-The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail<\/strong> <\/span>
“Yeniden Do\u011fu\u015f” \u00f6\u011fretisi, ya da daha do\u011frusu “ruh g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc” kavram\u0131, \u0130ran’da geni\u015f kabul g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015f ve \u0130slam’daki Mehdi inanc\u0131na evrimlenmi\u015ftir. Bu \u00f6\u011fretinin, \u0130smaili versiyonu iki ayr\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce okulu bi\u00e7iminde ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lki, \u0130smail”in kendisini do\u011frudan \u00f6l\u00fcms\u00fcz ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Mehdi olarak kabul eder. \u0130kincisi, \u0130smail’in o\u011flu Muhammed’in Mehdi oldu\u011funu ve t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyay\u0131 fethetmeden \u00f6nce \u00f6lmeyece\u011fini ileri s\u00fcrer. <\/span>
D\u00fcrzi’ler “yeniden do\u011fu\u015f”u kendi inan\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n temel ve ay\u0131rd edici bir ilkesi olarak benimserler. D\u00fcrzi’li\u011fin kurucusu Hakim’in on ikinci imam\u0131n ruhuna sahip oldu\u011funa inan\u0131rlar. Hakim’in t\u00fcm dinsel yetkisi de bu olgudan kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Ha\u015fi\u015fi’lere oranla daha fazla bilgi sahibi oldu\u011fumuz D\u00fcrzi’lerin \u00f6\u011fretileri asl\u0131nda hemen hemen Ha\u015fi\u015fi’lerin \u00f6\u011fretisiyle e\u015ftir: “t\u00fcm ruhlar hep bir anda yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r, say\u0131lar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r. Her ruh bir dizi ruh g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc ile geli\u015fir ve m\u00fckemmelli\u011fe do\u011fru y\u00fckselir.”<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\"11692798_10206005446629080_240106930761726810_n\"<\/a>“\u0130nsanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n dinsel geli\u015fiminin, her biri yedi y\u0131l s\u00fcren, yedi ayr\u0131 peygamber d\u00f6neminde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi tasavvur edilmektedir. Bu yedi peygamberin ilk alt\u0131s\u0131: Adem, Nuh, \u0130brahim, Musa, \u0130sa ve Muhammed’tir. Bu Tanr\u0131 habercile<\/span><\/span>rinin her biri, s\u0131radan insanlar\u0131n bile anlay\u0131p yorumlayabilece\u011fi bir dinsel yasa ortaya koymu\u015flard\u0131r. Buna “zahir”, yani d\u0131\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f denilebilir. Ancak, bu peygamberlerin verdi\u011fi her bir mesaj\u0131n bir de, i\u00e7rek, gizli ger\u00e7ekleri vard\u0131r. Bu i\u00e7rek ger\u00e7ekleri ancak az say\u0131da ayd\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f ki\u015fi anlay\u0131p yorumlayabilir. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Buna da “bat\u0131n”, ya da i\u00e7rek ger\u00e7ek ad\u0131 verilir.” <\/span>
“Haka’ik (i\u00e7rek ger\u00e7eklerin b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc), bu yedi peygamberi izleyen birer “Vasi” (el\u00e7i) ya da “Samit”(suskun) taraf\u0131ndan a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir. Bu ki\u015finin g\u00f6revi kutsal yaz\u0131lar ve kurallardaki bat\u0131n\u0131 izah etmektir. Her bir vasiden sonra, ayr\u0131ca yedi tane imam d\u00fcnyaya gelir. Yedinci imam bu dizgedeki yeni peygamberdir ve b\u00f6ylece \u00e7ember tamamlan\u0131r. Son d\u00f6neme damgas\u0131n\u0131 vuracak olan Mehdi, herkese t\u00fcm i\u00e7rek ger\u00e7eklerin a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 yapacak ve b\u00f6ylece Tanr\u0131sal bilgi d\u00f6nemini ba\u015flatacakt\u0131r.” <\/span>
“\u0130smaili teolojisi, i\u015fte bu denli “vahiyci” (revelationary) bir nitelik ta\u015f\u0131r. \u0130nsan akl\u0131ndan a\u015fk\u0131n olup, insan\u0131n anlayamayaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen haka’ik, asl\u0131nda gnostik \u00f6\u011fretiden t\u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. T\u00fcm\u00fcyle Neoplatoncu de\u011ferlerden yola \u00e7\u0131karak, maddi ve manevi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilkelerini a\u00e7\u0131klama iddias\u0131ndad\u0131r. Gnostikler, maddi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ikincil bir tanr\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan yarat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler. Bu Eski Ahit’teki Yahova’d\u0131r. Yahova, ger\u00e7ek Tanr\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyay\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015f inan\u00e7lardan temizlemek i\u00e7in \u0130sa’n\u0131n bedeninde o\u011flunu g\u00f6ndermesine kadar, belirli bir \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sahip olabilmi\u015ftir. Muhammed’in gnostik bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f olan, \u00e7arh\u0131hta \u00f6len ki\u015finin sadece bir hayal, Romal\u0131larla Yahudilerin yaralayamad\u0131klar\u0131 bir g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcden ibaret oldu\u011funu \u0130slam’a uyarlamas\u0131yla, bir\u00e7ok gnostik \u00f6genin \u0130slam’a ge\u00e7i\u015f yolu a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

“\u0130smaili haka’ikinin \u00f6z\u00fc, “\u0130lk Neden” olarak Tanr\u0131’n\u0131n reddedilmesinde ve kendi i\u00e7inde belirli bir ak\u0131lc\u0131l\u0131\u011fa y\u00f6nelmesindedir. Bu \u00f6\u011freti ayn\u0131 zamanda \u0130smaili’lerin sapk\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n temelidir. Onlara g\u00f6re “\u0130lk Neden” evrensel ak\u0131lla birle\u015fen Tanr\u0131sal buyru<\/span><\/span>k yani Tanr\u0131 S\u00f6z\u00fcd\u00fcr (logos-kelam). Bu y\u00fczden, \u0130smaili’lerin buyruk-d\u00fczen-yasa hakk\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri, i\u00e7rek \u00f6\u011fretilerinin \u00e7ekirde\u011fini olu\u015fturur ve Neoplatoncu felsefe ile \u0130slam’\u0131n sentezini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir. Hasan Sabbah’\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fc ve fedailerinin ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, Tanr\u0131’n\u0131n a\u015fk\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda \u0130smaili \u00f6\u011fretisinin kategorik \u0131srar\u0131ndan kaynaklan\u0131r. B\u00f6ylesi mutlak bir Tanr\u0131 ve mutlak bir imam, mutlak bir inan\u00e7 ve itaat gerektirir.” <\/span>
1-\u0130mam (Ali ve Nizar’\u0131n soyundan) <\/span>
Tam Ayd\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015flar: <\/span><\/strong>
2-Dai’d-D’uat (Ba\u015f Dai) <\/span>
3-Dai’l-Kebir (B\u00fcy\u00fck Dai) <\/span>
4-Dai <\/span>
Yar\u0131 Ayd\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015flar:<\/strong> <\/span>
5-Refik <\/span>
6-Lasik <\/span>
7-Fedai <\/span>
“Her ne kadar, ayd\u0131nlanma derecelenmelerinin ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131, 1332 y\u0131l\u0131nda D\u00fcrzi’ler hakk\u0131nda kaleme al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f tarihi bir belgeden aktar\u0131lm\u0131\u015fsa da, Ha\u015fi\u015fi’ler ile as\u0131l fark, derece say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n D\u00fcrzi’lerde, belki de dokuz g\u00f6ksel cisimle uyum sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in, dokuza y\u00fckseltilmi\u015f olmas\u0131ndad\u0131r.” <\/span>
\"11702831_10206005464029515_1778912830773549441_n\"<\/a>Dokuz Derece<\/span><\/strong>
Adaylar, ya\u015fam boyu kendilerini de \u00f6\u011fretmenleri kadar \u00f6nemli k\u0131lacak olan, ebedi bilgelik ve gizli g\u00fc\u00e7 sahibi olacaklar\u0131na inanarak \u00f6rg\u00fcte kat\u0131l\u0131rlar ve dokuz dereceden olu\u015fan bir ayd\u0131nlanma s\u00fcrecinden ge\u00e7irilirler.<\/span>
\u0130lk Derece<\/span><\/span>
\u0130lk derecede, \u00f6\u011fretmenler adaylar\u0131, t\u00fcm \u00f6nceden \u00f6\u011frenip kabul ettikleri dinsel ve siyasal d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ve yarg\u0131lardan ku\u015fku duyma durumuna d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcrler. Daha \u00f6nce kendilerine \u00f6\u011fretilen her t\u00fcrl\u00fc bilginin \u00f6nyarg\u0131l\u0131 ve sars\u0131labilir oldu\u011funa, olas\u0131 her \u00e7e\u015fit tart\u0131\u015fma tekni\u011fi kullan\u0131larak, inand\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar. Arap tarih\u00e7i Makr\u0131zi’nin aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re; bunun sonucu, \u00f6\u011frencilerin her sorunun en do\u011fru yorumunu yapabilen tek ger\u00e7ek bilgi kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretmenleri oldu\u011funa inanmalar\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011fretmenlerinin ki\u015filiklerine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 duruma gelmeleridir. \u00d6\u011fretmenler, ayn\u0131 zamanda, formel bilginin asl\u0131nda, haz\u0131r duruma geldiklerinde \u00f6\u011frenecekleri, ger\u00e7ek, gizli ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc s\u0131rr\u0131n sadece bir \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc oldu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda s\u00fcrekli ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 verirler. Bu ak\u0131l buland\u0131rma tekni\u011fi, \u00f6\u011frencinin bir \u00f6\u011fretmene k\u00f6r\u00fc k\u00f6r\u00fcne ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k and\u0131 i\u00e7ecek hale gelmesine kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/span>
\u0130kinci Derece<\/span>
\u00d6\u011frencilere bu derecede, korunmas\u0131 \u0130mama teslim edilmi\u015f olan i\u00e7rek bilgiler olmad\u0131k\u00e7a, bu i\u00e7rek \u00f6\u011fretinin basit birer simgesi durumunda olan dinsel kurallar izlenerek Allah’\u0131n r\u0131zas\u0131na ula\u015fman\u0131n imkans\u0131z oldu\u011fu \u00f6\u011fretilir.<\/span>
\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc Derece<\/span>
Bu derecede, gelmi\u015f ge\u00e7mi\u015f imamlar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 ve ki\u015filikleri, yedi say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n maddi ve manevi d\u00fcnyadaki anlam\u0131 aktar\u0131l\u0131r. Art\u0131k, kesinlikle “Onikiimamc\u0131” inan\u00e7 ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerden uzakla\u015f\u0131larak, son alt\u0131 imam\u0131n sayg\u0131 duyulmaya gerek olmayan, manevi bilgilerden yoksun, s\u0131radan insanlar olduklar\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretilir.<\/span>
D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc Derece<\/span>
\u00d6\u011frenciye, yedi “Nat\u0131k” (bildiren-peygamber) d\u00f6nemleri, onlar\u0131 izleyen alt\u0131 “Samit” (suskun imamlar) ve her yeni nat\u0131\u011f\u0131n kendinden \u00f6nce gelenlerin dinsel \u00f6\u011fretisini nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u00f6\u011fretilir. Bu e\u011fitim, Muhammed’in son peygamber ve Kur’an’\u0131n da Allah’\u0131n son vahyi olamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kabul ettirilmesini i\u00e7erir ki, t\u00fcm bunlar \u00f6\u011frenciyi \u0130slam dininden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131r. Bu derecede ayr\u0131ca, yedinci ve son nat\u0131k, “Sahib-ul-Amr” (varl\u0131klar\u0131n sahibi) \u0130smail’in o\u011flu Muhammed’in “Eskilerin Bilimi”ni (Ulum-ul Evvelin) tamamlay\u0131p, i\u00e7rek \u00f6\u011fretinin bilimi olan “Tevil” bilimini (Allegorik yorum) kurdu\u011fu aktar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span>
Be\u015finci Derece<\/span>
Bu derecede, geleneklerin t\u00fcm\u00fc terkedilerek, “Say\u0131lar Bilimi” ve “Tevil” uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretimine ba\u015flan\u0131r. S\u00fcrekli konu\u015fulan konu dindir. Kur’an’\u0131n s\u00f6zc\u00fck anlam\u0131na giderek daha az \u00f6nem verilirken, \u0130slam dininin t\u00fcm kural ve ko\u015fullar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmak istenir. On iki say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n anlam\u0131 ve on iki “hucca” (kan\u0131t) \u00f6\u011fretilir. Bu “hucca”lar, imamlar\u0131n propagandas\u0131na temel olu\u015fturan ve onlar\u0131n ki\u015fisel \u00f6\u011fretilerini y\u00f6nlendiren kan\u0131tlard\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, “hucca” s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, her imam taraf\u0131ndan, ba\u015f dai olarak atanan ki\u015filere de ad olarak verilmi\u015ftir. Sonradan, oniki “h\u00fccce” insan omurgas\u0131ndaki oniki s\u0131rt omuru ile ba\u011fda\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r; yedi kafa omuru (cervical) ise yedi peygamberi ya da yedi imam\u0131 simgeler.<\/span>
Alt\u0131nc\u0131 Derece<\/span>
\u0130slam dininin ko\u015fullar\u0131 (namaz, oru\u00e7, hac, zekat, kelime-i \u015fehadet) ve t\u00fcm di\u011fer ritlerinin allegorik anlamlar\u0131 bu derecede \u00f6\u011frenciye aktar\u0131l\u0131r. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmde uygulanan bu ko\u015ful ve ritlerin temelde \u00f6nemsiz oldu\u011fu ve bilgiye ula\u015fm\u0131\u015f ki\u015filerin bunlardan vazge\u00e7ebilece\u011fi \u00f6\u011fretilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu uygulamalar, kurnaz yasa koyucular taraf\u0131ndan, cahil ve kaba halk\u0131 y\u00f6netmek i\u00e7in konulmu\u015ftur.<\/span>
Yedinci Derece<\/span>
Bu ve bundan sonraki derecelere, \u00f6\u011fretinin ger\u00e7ek yap\u0131s\u0131 ve ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kavrayabilen \u00f6nde gelen ki\u015filer kabul edilir. “\u00d6nceden varolan” (Pre-existent) ve “Sonradan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan” (Subsequent) kavramlar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131n dualist yap\u0131s\u0131 bu derecede \u00f6\u011fretilir ve b\u00f6ylece, ki\u015finin Tek Tanr\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretisine olan inanc\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131 ama\u00e7lan\u0131r.<\/span>
Sekizinci Derece<\/span>
“\u00d6nceden var olan”-“Sonradan ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan” ikili \u00f6\u011fretisi geli\u015ftirilir, \u00f6\u011frenci taraf\u0131ndan derinlemesine kavranmas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, en \u00f6nemlisi, bu iki kavram\u0131n da \u00fczerinde, ne ad\u0131, ne nitelikleri bilinebilen, hakk\u0131nda hi\u00e7 bir bilgi bulunmayan, tap\u0131nmak bile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayan bir y\u00fcce Varl\u0131k oldu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda ilk bilgiler verilmeye ba\u015flan\u0131r. Bu isimsiz Varl\u0131k, Zerd\u00fc\u015ft inanc\u0131ndaki, “Zervan Akanana”y\u0131 (Sonsuz Zaman) and\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Ancak, \u00f6\u011fretinin bu noktas\u0131nda, \u0130smaili’ler aras\u0131nda farkl\u0131 anlay\u0131\u015flar, \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131klar ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yine de, Nuveyri “bu fikirleri kabul edenlerin yeri, dualistlerin ya da maddecilerin yan\u0131ndan ba\u015fka bir yer olamaz” diyerek t\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc ayn\u0131 sepete yerle\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Bu derecede, \u00f6\u011frenciye peygamber olmak i\u00e7in, mucizeler yaratmaktansa politik, sosyal, dini ve felsefi bir sistem yarat\u0131p uygulamak kabiliyetini g\u00f6stermek gerekti\u011fi \u00f6\u011fretilir. Ayr\u0131ca, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n sonu, yeniden do\u011fu\u015f, cennet-cehennem gibi allegorik kavramlar\u0131n yan\u0131s\u0131ra \u00e7e\u015fitli “k\u0131yamet” doktrinleri de aktar\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span>
Arkon Daraul, Secret Societies<\/span>
Dokuzuncu Derece<\/span>
Ayd\u0131nlanma’n\u0131n bu en son derecesinde, t\u00fcm dogmatik din kurumlar\u0131ndan s\u0131yr\u0131lan ki\u015fi art\u0131k, en saf ve basit anlam\u0131yla, bir filozof olmu\u015ftur. Kendi arzusuna ve keyfine uygun d\u00fc\u015fen, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce sistem veya kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 istedi\u011fi gibi kabul etme \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne kavu\u015fmu\u015ftur.<\/span>
Edward Granville, St Bard’s Hospital Journal (Mart 1897)<\/span>
“Yedinci derece B\u00fcy\u00fck Giz’in a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 getirir; t\u00fcm insanlar ve evrendeki t\u00fcm varl\u0131klar asl\u0131nda bir b\u00fct\u00fcnd\u00fcr, en basit \u015fey bile bu b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r ve bu b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn yaratma\/yoketme g\u00fcc\u00fc vard\u0131r. Bir \u0130smaili olarak birey, kendinde uyanmaya haz\u0131r olan bu g\u00fcc\u00fc kullanma \u015fans\u0131na sahiptir. Bu nedenle, g\u00fcc\u00fcn bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011funu kavrayan ki\u015fi, insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bu muazzam potansiyelinden habersiz olan di\u011fer bilgisizleri y\u00f6netebilir. Bu g\u00fc\u00e7, “Zaman\u0131n Tanr\u0131s\u0131” (Lord of Time) ad\u0131 verilen esrarl\u0131 varl\u0131k sayesinde edinilmi\u015ftir.” <\/span>
“Sekizinci dereceye hak kazanabilmek i\u00e7in, ki\u015fi t\u00fcm dinlerin bir sahtekarl\u0131k oldu\u011funa inanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6nemli olan yaln\u0131zca birey ve bireysel ak\u0131ld\u0131r; o da ancak, en b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7 olan imama hizmet ederek m\u00fckemmelli\u011fe eri\u015febilir.” <\/span>
“Dokuzuncu derece, inan\u00e7 diye bir kavram\u0131n mevcut olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, asl\u0131nda her\u015feyin “eylem”den ibaret oldu\u011fu s\u0131rr\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 son derecedir. Her hangi bir eylemi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcp uygulamak da, t\u00fcm ak\u0131l ve mant\u0131\u011f\u0131n yegane sahibi olan imam\u0131n elindedir. \"11665522_10206005465189544_2033914545267083622_n\"<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span>\u015eeyh-\u00fcl Cebel Sinan’a duyulan b\u00fcy\u00fck sayg\u0131n\u0131n hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc, herkes\u00e7e bilinen telepati ve durug\u00f6r\u00fc g\u00fcc\u00fcnden kaynaklanmaktad\u0131r. Ebu Firaz taraf\u0131ndan aktar\u0131lan \u00f6yk\u00fcde, bah\u00e7ede bulunan bir ki\u015finin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini okuyarak, akl\u0131nda<\/span><\/span>n ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi sorulara cevap verebildi\u011fi anlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Hasan Sabbah da d\u00f6neminin tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir simya ustas\u0131d\u0131r. Ha\u015fi\u015fi’lerin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ok\u00fclt uygulamalar olarak bilinen, karanl\u0131k konularla u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 su g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez. Zaten, o zamanlar, simya ve astroloji felsefe e\u011fitiminin ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak kabul edilirdi.<\/span>
Edward Burman, The Assassins-Holy Killers of Islam<\/span>
Avrupa’da dinsel ya da din d\u0131\u015f\u0131, t\u00fcm gizli \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin olu\u015fmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7an temel kavramlar Ha\u00e7l\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan \u0130smaili’lerden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Tampliye ve Hospitalye \u015f\u00f6valyeleri, Loyola taraf\u0131ndan kurulan Cizvit’ler gibi \u00f6rg\u00fctlerin t\u00fcm\u00fc davalar\u0131na kendilerini aday\u0131\u015f bi\u00e7imleri g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde asla g\u00f6r\u00fclemeyen \u00f6zveri sahibi ki\u015filerden olu\u015fmu\u015ftur. Ha\u015fin Dominiken’ler, \u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 Fransisken’ler ve t\u00fcm karde\u015flik \u00f6rg\u00fctleri, ya Kahire’ye ya da Alamut’a ula\u015facak bi\u00e7imde geriye ba\u011flanabilirler. \u00d6zellikle Tampliye \u015e\u00f6valyeleri, B\u00fcy\u00fck \u00dcstad’lar\u0131, Prior’lar\u0131, dinsel adanm\u0131\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 ve hiyerar\u015fik yap\u0131lar\u0131 ile Do\u011fu’daki \u0130smaili’lerle en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc benze\u015fmeyi g\u00f6sterirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

kaynak:<\/p>\n

Edward Burman, The Assassins-Holy Killers of Islam<\/p>\n

Arkon Daraul, Secret Societies<\/p>\n

S. Ameer Alil<\/p>\n

Derleyen:<\/p>\n

Serdar \u015eenol<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  1256 y\u0131l\u0131nda Alamut kalesinin, Mo\u011fol komutan\u0131 H\u00fclagu taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131k\u0131lmas\u0131yla, Nizari \u0130smaili’lerin bir \u00e7o\u011fu Afganistan’a, Himalaya’lara ve \u00f6zellikle Sind’e ka\u00e7t\u0131lar…Baz\u0131 gruplar, zaten daha XI. y\u00fcz y\u0131l kadar erken bir d\u00f6nemde Hindistan’da etkinlik g\u00f6steriyorlard\u0131. Burada, “Bohra”lar ad\u0131yla bilinen \u0130smaili tarikat\u0131 mevcuttu. Bu tarikat\u0131n kurucusu, hen\u00fcz 1067 y\u0131l\u0131nda, Cambay’a g\u00f6\u00e7 eden ve buradan Gujerat’a ge\u00e7en, Abdullah ad\u0131nda …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2380,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1886","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ezoterik-gizli-bilgiler"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1886","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1886"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1886\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2382,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1886\/revisions\/2382"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2380"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1886"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1886"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1886"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}