<\/p>\n
Milattan sonra d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u00fcz y\u0131lda \u0130skenderiye \u015fehri eski d\u00fcnyay\u0131 y\u00f6nlendiren Hermetik \u00f6\u011fretinin ba\u015fkentiydi. Bilim,sanat ve edebiyat d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n kalbi burada at\u0131yordu..\u2019\u2019Buras\u0131 bilinen d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinden alimlerin \u00f6\u011fretmek, \u00f6\u011frenmek,tart\u0131\u015f mak ve eski d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en muhte\u015fem k\u00fct\u00fcphanesini yaratmak i\u00e7in topland\u0131klar\u0131 yer\u2019\u2019di. Eski d\u00fcnyan\u0131n entelekt\u00fcel birikimi ve t\u00fcm bilgeli\u011fi buradayd\u0131.D\u00f6rd\u00fc nc\u00fc y\u00fczy\u0131la gelinceye kadar,Hermes\u2019in \u00f6\u011fretisi i\u00e7inde yo\u011frulmak a\u015fk\u0131 ile tutu\u015fan t\u00fcm bilginleri ,sanat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131,ed ebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcl\u00fc bir kuvvet ile ba\u015ftan \u00e7\u0131kartan ve kendine \u00e7eken bu \u015fehir yery\u00fcz\u00fc H\u0131ristiyan k\u0131y\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile tan\u0131\u015fmadan \u00f6nce d\u00fcnyan\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr,sanat ve bilim merkeziydi.H\u0131ri stiyanl\u0131k \u00f6ncesi \u00e7a\u011flarda ;\u2018\u2019 Felsefe ve matemati\u011fin.teo lojinin.filoloj i ve bilimin en \u00f6nde gelen merkezi olan \u0130skenderiye ger\u00e7ek anlamda bir \u00fcniversiteydi.\u2019<\/p>\n
\u0130skenderiye okulunda felsefe aristokrasinin fikri m\u00fclkiyeti olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p,ilgi duyan bireylerin t\u00fcm\u00fcne a\u00e7\u0131k hale getirilmi\u015f,s\u0131n\u0131 f ve cinsiyet farklar\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.A ncak \u0130skenderiye bir gizem okuluydu.Gizeml er do\u011falar\u0131 gere\u011fi ancak ,donan\u0131ml\u0131,alg\u0131 lama seviyeleri y\u00fcksek ki\u015filere a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131rlar.\u0130ske nderiye gizem okulunun yetkin olmayana kapal\u0131 duran kurumsal yap\u0131s\u0131 ve entelekt\u00fcel seviyesi, onu ortadan kald\u0131rmak isteyen H\u0131ristiyan kilisesinin i\u015fini \u00e7ok kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131.\u0130 skenderiye \u015fehrinin k\u00fclt\u00fcr birikimi H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n Roma \u0130mparatorlu\u011funu n resmi dini olarak kabul edildi\u011fi IV. y\u00fczy\u0131ldandan sonra H\u0131ristiyan papazlar\u0131n k\u0131\u015fk\u0131rtt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u00f6r kalabal\u0131klar\u0131n vah\u015fi \u00e7\u0131\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131na kurban edildi.<\/p>\n
\u2018\u2019\u0130skenderiye\u2019n in alt\u0131n \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcz H\u0131ristiyan \u2019Kutsal\u2019 Roma imparatorlu\u011funu n do\u011fu\u015fu ile sona erdi.Eskilerin kapsaml\u0131 d\u00fcnya bilgileri ve geli\u015fmi\u015f k\u00fclt\u00fcrlerine ra\u011fmen,H\u0131ristiy anlar onlar\u0131,asl\u0131nda \u2018k\u0131rsal kesimde oturanlar\u2019 anlam\u0131na gelen \u2018pagan\u2019 damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurarak yok sayd\u0131lar.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n
\u0130skenderiye okulunun ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 giri\u015fimleri ilki d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonlar\u0131nda meydana geldi.391 y\u0131l\u0131nda H\u0131ristiyan piskoposu Theophilos, Hermes\u2019in M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019da yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 dine ait bir tap\u0131naklardan birini kiliseye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek istedi .Hermes yanl\u0131lar\u0131 bu giri\u015fim kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131lg\u0131na d\u00f6nd\u00fcler.\u0130syan edip sokaklara d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fcler.B\u00fcy\u00fc k bir ayaklanma ba\u015flad\u0131 \u015eiddetli \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmalar oldu Bizans valisi H\u0131ristiyanlar\u0131 da yan\u0131na alarak kalk\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 bast\u0131rd\u0131.Daha sonra ,\u0130mparator ve vali taraf\u0131ndan ba\u015fkald\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n as\u0131l su\u00e7lular\u0131 olduklar\u0131 tespit edilen \u0130skenderiye k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinde bulunan Hermetik kitaplar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc Bizans imparator I. Theodosius\u2019un emriyle \u015eehrin hamamlar\u0131nda yak\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/p>\n
\u0130skenderiye okulunun bilginlerine ve kitaplar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 H\u0131ristiyanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n giri\u015fti\u011fi vandal hareketler yirmi d\u00f6rt y\u0131l boyunca aral\u0131ks\u0131z s\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u0130skenderiye k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan Hypatia ad\u0131ndaki son b\u00fcy\u00fck bilgin ve filozof 415 y\u0131l\u0131nda\u2019\u2019..bir H\u0131ristiyanlar g\u00fcruhu taraf\u0131ndan yakalanarak etleri deniz tara\u011f\u0131 kabuklar\u0131yla par\u00e7alanmak sureti ile \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc ve bedeninden geriye ne kald\u0131ysa yak\u0131ld\u0131.Bu hareketin ba\u015f\u0131nda bulunan Patrik Kyrillos daha sonra St.Kyrillos ad\u0131yla aziz mertebesine y\u00fckseltildi.B\u00fcy \u00fck k\u00fct\u00fcphane pagan bat\u0131l inan\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7ermesi gerek\u00e7esiyle sonunda yak\u0131l\u0131p yok edildi ve bir servet de\u011ferindeki bilimsel eserler d\u00f6rt bir yana da\u011f\u0131ld\u0131\u2019<\/p>\n
Eski \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck bilim yuvas\u0131n\u0131 son nefesini verinceye kadar terk etmeyen,ba\u011fnazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n imparatorlu\u011funa \u00f6d\u00fcn vermeden tek ba\u015f\u0131na direnebilecek kadar cesur olan ve bu nedenle ,Bizansl\u0131 H\u0131ristiyanlar taraf\u0131ndan a\u011f\u0131r i\u015fkenceler alt\u0131nda katledilen Hermes gelene\u011finin son b\u00fcy\u00fck bilgesi, Hermes bilgeli\u011finin ve gizemli kadim yazmalar\u0131n netli savunucusu, Hypatia (b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6zveri ile imkans\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 direnen Karacah\u00f6y\u00fck dergah\u0131n\u0131n Ana\u2019s\u0131 gibi), bir kad\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bizans \u0130mparatoru I.Theodosius \u0130skenderiye\u2019den sonra \u0130mparatorluk i\u00e7indeki Hermes ekolunden gelen t\u00fcm mabetleri Hristiyanl\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 geli\u015fmelerin kayna\u011f\u0131 sayarak kapatt\u0131.Bizans topraklar\u0131nda o g\u00fcne kadar g\u00f6r\u00fclmedik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclerde bir kitap yakma olaylar\u0131 ya\u015fanmaya ba\u015fland\u0131.Sadece \u0130skenderiye k\u00fct\u00fcphanesinde yak\u0131lan kitaplar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 400 000 civar\u0131ndayd\u0131 .H\u0131ristiyan ba\u011fnazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 insan akl\u0131n\u0131n alabilece\u011fi s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131n \u00e7ok d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ta\u015ft\u0131.Onca de\u011ferli kitap ,d\u00fcnyan\u0131n gelece\u011finde art\u0131k bir daha var olmamak \u00fczere kaybolup gitti.<\/p>\n
Bu kitap yakma olaylar\u0131, asl\u0131nda bir t\u00fcr insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kay\u0131tl\u0131 haf\u0131zas\u0131n\u0131 imha etme giri\u015fimleriydi. Hristiyanl\u0131k insan zihninde, kendi \u00f6\u011fretisine bo\u015fluk a\u00e7mak yer bulmak i\u00e7in insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n belle\u011fini bo\u015faltmaya kalk\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131 .Bu yang\u0131nlarda her \u015fey kaybolmad\u0131.Yang\u0131nlardan canlar\u0131n\u0131 ve kimi de\u011ferli kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 kurtarabilmi\u015f Hermes bilgeleri y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyu geleneklerini yer alt\u0131nda s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fcler.B\u00fcy\u00fck yang\u0131ndan uzun y\u00fczy\u0131llar sonra Hermetik eserler ilk \u00f6nce Ba\u011fdat saray\u0131nda g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar. Hermetik eserlerin Ba\u011fdat\u2019ta Arap\u00e7a\u2019ya \u00e7evrilmesiyle birlikte Ba\u011fdat saray\u0131 bilimde sanatta ve edebiyatta b\u00fcy\u00fck geli\u015fmeler g\u00f6sterdi.Arap kabile devleti k\u0131sa zamanda bir d\u00fcnya imparatorlu\u011funa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc.<\/p>\n
Arap \u0130mparatorlu\u011fu \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131ktan ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc kaybetti ba\u011fnazl\u0131\u011fa teslim oldu.Hermetik eserler ve Hermes gelene\u011finden gelen bilginler Ba\u011fdat\u2019tan d\u0131\u015fland\u0131lar kovuldular.\u2019\u2019Arap camias\u0131n\u0131n giderek ho\u015fg\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcz bir hale gelmesi \u00fczerine hermetik kitaplara sahip olanlar g\u00fcvenli bir s\u0131\u011f\u0131nak aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile yollara d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcler.Onbe\u015finci y\u00fczy\u0131lda bir\u00e7oklar\u0131 Kuzey \u0130talya\u2019da toleransl\u0131 bir \u015fehir devleti olan Floransa\u2019ya ka\u00e7t\u0131lar ve burada bu bilgelik felsefesi yine b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00fclt\u00fcrel bir geli\u015fmeye ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu.\u2019\u2019<\/p>\n
Hermetik yaz\u0131lar\u0131n bat\u0131da yeniden ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla birlikte ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z uygarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 haz\u0131rlayan \u2018\u2019R\u00f6nesans \u2019\u2019\u0131n do\u011fu\u015fu ba\u015flad\u0131.\u2019\u2019Leoardo da Vinci,D\u00fcrer, Botti\u00e7elli, Roger Bacon, Paracelsus, Thomas More, William Blake, Kepler, Kopernik; \u0130saac Newton, Sir Walter Raleigh, Milton, Ben Johnson, Daniel Defoe, Shelley ve e\u015fi Mary, Victor Hugo ve Carl Yung\u2019\u2019 ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere R\u00f6nesans’\u0131n reform hareketine katk\u0131da bulunan pek \u00e7ok sanat\u00e7\u0131 ,filozof ve bilim adam\u0131 Hermetik yaz\u0131lara bor\u00e7lu olduklar\u0131n\u0131 kabul etmekteydiler.<\/p>\n
Aleviligin k\u00f6kleri – Erdogan \u00c7\u0131nar<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Milattan sonra d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc y\u00fcz y\u0131lda \u0130skenderiye \u015fehri eski d\u00fcnyay\u0131 y\u00f6nlendiren Hermetik \u00f6\u011fretinin ba\u015fkentiydi. Bilim,sanat ve edebiyat d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n kalbi burada at\u0131yordu..\u2019\u2019Buras\u0131 bilinen d\u00fcnyan\u0131n her yerinden alimlerin \u00f6\u011fretmek, \u00f6\u011frenmek,tart\u0131\u015f mak ve eski d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en muhte\u015fem k\u00fct\u00fcphanesini yaratmak i\u00e7in topland\u0131klar\u0131 yer\u2019\u2019di. Eski d\u00fcnyan\u0131n entelekt\u00fcel birikimi ve t\u00fcm bilgeli\u011fi buradayd\u0131.D\u00f6rd\u00fc nc\u00fc y\u00fczy\u0131la gelinceye kadar,Hermes\u2019in \u00f6\u011fretisi i\u00e7inde yo\u011frulmak a\u015fk\u0131 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2072,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2071","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-gizemli-arkeolojik-tarih"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2071","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2071"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2071\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2534,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2071\/revisions\/2534"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2072"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2071"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2071"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2071"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}