<\/p>\n
Y\u0131l 1441: Y\u00fcksek Mevkilerde B\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Hen\u00fcz cad\u0131l\u0131k mahkemeleri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, dikkat \u00e7ekici en \u00f6nemli b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck olay\u0131 1441\u2019de ya\u015fand\u0131. Ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en \u015fah\u0131s, Gloucester D\u00fc\u015fesi Eleanor Cobham\u2019d\u0131. VI. Henry\u2019yi b\u00fcy\u00fc yaparak \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye yeltendi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen Margery Jourdemayne ve Roger Bolingbroke isimli bir b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcy\u00fc yan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle su\u00e7lan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n Hepsi t\u00fcm\u00fcyle su\u00e7lu bulundu. Robert, bu t\u00fcr i\u011fren\u00e7 i\u015flerler u\u011fra\u015fan insanlara \u00f6rnek olsun diye eski St. Paul Katedrali\u2019nin avlusunda bir d\u00fczene\u011fin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Bu esnada b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 vaaz veriliyordu. Robert\u2019\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u00e7 gere\u00e7ler de ortaya konuldu. Bunlar aras\u0131nda balmumundan yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f e\u015fyalar, kraliyet asas\u0131 ve kuma\u015fa sar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bak\u0131rdan t\u0131ls\u0131mlar vard\u0131. Vatan hainli\u011fi ile su\u00e7land\u0131 ve as\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n Kaynaklara g\u00f6re tam olarak vatan hainli\u011finden mi yoksa sapk\u0131n inan\u00e7lar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 m\u0131 cezaland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tam olarak bilinmez ama Margery, Smithfield\u2019da yak\u0131ld\u0131. Eleanor ise bu b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcleri kesinlikle kral\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in yan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, amac\u0131n\u0131n Gloucester D\u00fck\u00fc\u2019nden bir \u00e7ocuk sahibi olmak i\u00e7in onlarla ili\u015fkisi oldu\u011funu iddia etti ve bu iddias\u0131yla birlikte \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu hapse mahk\u00fbm edildi. Olay, aristokratik \u00e7evrelerce \u00e7ok konu\u015fuldu ve \u00fcnlendi.<\/p>\n Kediler Vakas\u0131:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n VIII. Henry d\u00f6nemindeki 1542 Cad\u0131l\u0131kla M\u00fccadele Hareketi ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu ve 1547\u2019de y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Fakat I. Elizabeth\u2019in h\u00fck\u00fcmranl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6neminin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda otoriteler b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fckle ilgili ola\u011fan d\u0131\u015f\u0131 korkular beslemeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131. S\u00fcrekli b\u00fcy\u00fcyen bu korku, 1563 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ruh \u00c7a\u011f\u0131rma, B\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck ve Cad\u0131l\u0131\u011fa Kar\u015f\u0131 M\u00fccadele Hareketi\u2019ni do\u011furdu.<\/p>\n Essex, yeni hareketin alt\u0131ndaki en eski cad\u0131 mahkemelerinin kalbiydi ve sonraki y\u00fczy\u0131l boyunca da dinamik bir \u015fekilde adli takiplerin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc bir b\u00f6lge olmaya devam etti. \u0130ngiltere\u2019deki ilk b\u00fcy\u00fck dava, 1566 tarihinde Chelmsford \u00d6zel Mahkemesi\u2019nde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Lora Wynchester, Elizabeth Frauncis, Agnes Waterhouse ve k\u0131z\u0131 Joan Waterhouse su\u00e7lu bulundu.<\/p>\n Elizabeth Frauncis, 12 ya\u015f\u0131ndayken cad\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckannesinden \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fini itiraf etti. Kendi a\u011fz\u0131yla s\u00f6yledi\u011fine g\u00f6re besledi\u011fi beyaz lekeli kedisine benzeyen \u015feytana kendi kan\u0131ndan vermi\u015f. Agnes Waterhouse \u201cSatan ( \u015eeytan)\u201d adl\u0131 bir kedisi oldu\u011funu, ufak tefek b\u00fcy\u00fclerini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in onu kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 itiraf etti. Agnes, kediyi \u00f6d\u00fcllendirmek i\u00e7in de onu civcivlerle besliyormu\u015f ve kediye kendi kan\u0131ndan damlalar ak\u0131t\u0131yormu\u015f.<\/p>\n Frauncis ceza evine g\u00f6nderildi. Agnes Waterhouse cad\u0131l\u0131k yaparak cinayet i\u015fledi\u011fi gerek\u00e7esiyle as\u0131ld\u0131. K\u0131z\u0131 Joan Waterhouse ise su\u00e7lu bulunmad\u0131. Pop\u00fcler bir el ilan\u0131 olan \u201cThe Examination and Confession of Certain Witches at Chensforde (Chensford\u2019daki Cad\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 Belirlenmi\u015f Ki\u015filerin \u0130nceleme ve \u0130tiraflar\u0131)\u201d yay\u0131mlanan ifadeler, \u015feytani arkada\u015fl\u0131klar kurma ve bat\u0131l inan\u00e7larda s\u0131k\u00e7a rastlanan hayvan \u015feklindeki ruhani varl\u0131klar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131nda olduk\u00e7a etkili oldu.<\/p>\n Ve siz baz\u0131 insanlardan bir iste\u011fimiz var! Bu g\u00fczelim kedileri, insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleriniz ve sapk\u0131n i\u015flerinizde kullanmay\u0131n. Hatta kedi kelimesini a\u011fz\u0131n\u0131za bile almay\u0131n!<\/p>\n Y\u0131l 1590: VI. James ve Cad\u0131lar Meclisi:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n 1590 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u0130sko\u00e7ya Kral\u0131 VI. James ve gelini Danimarka Prensesi Anne, Kuzey Buz Denizi\u2019nden \u0130sko\u00e7ya\u2019ya, evlerine d\u00f6nerlerken \u00e7ok k\u00f6t\u00fc bir f\u0131rt\u0131naya yakaland\u0131lar. Su\u00e7lamalar, cad\u0131lar\u0131n bu iki \u00f6nemli \u015fahsiyeti \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye te\u015febb\u00fcs etti\u011fi \u0130sko\u00e7ya ve Danimarka\u2019da yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130lk \u015f\u00fcpheler, \u0130sko\u00e7ya taht\u0131nda hak iddia eden Bothwell Kontu Francis Stuart \u00fczerinedir.<\/p>\n Su\u00e7lamalar k\u0131saca \u015fu \u015fekilde geli\u015fir: G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Kuzey Berwick Liman\u0131 b\u00f6lgesinin k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131 olan Auld Kirk Green\u2019de cad\u0131lar\u0131n olu\u015fturdu\u011fu bir cad\u0131lar meclisi bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu mecliste son be\u015f f\u0131rt\u0131nan\u0131n d\u00f6rd\u00fcn\u00fcn bu mecliste kararla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131p uygulamaya konuldu\u011fu ve bu sayede gemilerin batmas\u0131na neden olundu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu d\u00f6nemde \u0130ngiltere ve Galler (Wales)\u2019in aksine \u0130sko\u00e7ya\u2019da, cad\u0131l\u0131kla u\u011fra\u015fanlar i\u00e7in i\u015fkence cezalar\u0131 yasal olarak m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fc. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Kuzey Berwick\u2019teki \u015f\u00fcphelilere i\u015fkence uyulanm\u0131\u015f, ak\u0131l almaz b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck itiraflar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ve bu itiraflar sular seller gibi ak\u0131p gitmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Bunlardan bir tanesine \u00f6rnek verecek olursak, cad\u0131lardan Agnes Sampson, \u0130sa\u2019y\u0131 terk edip \u015feytan\u0131 hocas\u0131 olarak kabul etti\u011fini belirtmekle beraber b\u00fcy\u00fclerinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmesi i\u00e7in, mezarlar\u0131 kaz\u0131p parmak kemikleri toplad\u0131klar\u0131 ve hocalar\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fckleri \u015feytan\u0131n poposunu \u00f6pmek i\u00e7in kilise avlusunda topland\u0131klar\u0131 s\u00f6yledikleri iddia edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Su\u00e7lu bulunan Agnes, Ocak 1591\u2019de bo\u011fularak \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve hemen ard\u0131ndan yak\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bununla birlikte hapse konan Francis Stuart ka\u00e7m\u0131\u015f ve kontluktan \u00f6te bir kanun ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 haline gelmi\u015ftir. VI. James, ki\u015fisel olarak Agnes Sampson \u00fczerinde incelemelerde bulunmu\u015f ve cad\u0131l\u0131k \u00fczerine nutkunu Deamonologie (1597) adl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla yaz\u0131ya ge\u00e7irmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n 1597\u2019de Kral James, cad\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n adli takibi \u00fczerine h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc bir g\u00f6z\u00fc kapal\u0131 olarak vermi\u015f; bu tip duru\u015fmalar\u0131n yerel mahkemelerden \u00e7ok merkezi adliye kurumlar\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilmesini istemi\u015ftir. Sonraki y\u0131llarda kral, cad\u0131l\u0131k su\u00e7lamalar\u0131 durumlar\u0131nda daha \u015f\u00fcpheci yakla\u015f\u0131mlar sergilemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Haziran 1594\u2019teyiz. Cad\u0131 mahkemelerinin Britanya\u2019da zirve yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nem. Kahraman\u0131m\u0131z Gwen Ellis\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n K\u0131rklar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda, \u00fc\u00e7 evlilik ge\u00e7irmi\u015f bir kad\u0131n olan Gwen Ellis, cad\u0131l\u0131k \u015f\u00fcphesiyle Flint cezaevine koyuldu. Dava \u00fc\u00e7 ay s\u00fcrd\u00fc ve Ellis bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda hapishanede kald\u0131. Bu kad\u0131n, \u00e7e\u015fitli hastal\u0131klar\u0131 \u015fifal\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcler kullanarak iyile\u015ftiriyor, hastal\u0131k kapan hayvanlar i\u00e7in de bitkisel tedavi y\u00f6ntemleri uygulayarak para kazan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n Bu i\u015flerden de ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k al\u0131yordu. \u00c7evredeki herkes Ellis\u2019in bu i\u015fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan haberdard\u0131. K\u00f6t\u00fc niyetli olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Fakat bir g\u00fcn bir b\u00fcy\u00fc, sulh mahkemesi yarg\u0131c\u0131 Thomas Martyn\u2019in Caernarvonshire\u2019daki evinin salonunda bulununca, Ellis\u2019in bunu oraya tedavi i\u00e7in de\u011fil de kara b\u00fcy\u00fc yapmak i\u00e7in b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc ve su\u00e7land\u0131.<\/p>\n Davalar s\u00fcrd\u00fck\u00e7e Gwen Ellis\u2019in su\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu daha \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyordu. Dava tan\u0131klar\u0131, Ellis\u2019in \u015feytanla ili\u015fkide oldu\u011fu, k\u00f6t\u00fc bir ruha sahip oldu\u011fu ve keskin bir dili oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde bulununca mahkeme Ellis\u2019in iyi niyetler besleyerek yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015flerin zamanla cad\u0131l\u0131k yapmaya kadar uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131na karar verdi. Su\u00e7lamalar\u0131n en a\u011f\u0131r\u0131, cad\u0131l\u0131kla cinayet i\u015fledi\u011finin iddia edilmesiydi. En son duru\u015fmada su\u00e7lu oldu\u011funa kanaat getirildi ve idam cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n Gwen Ellis duru\u015fmas\u0131, Galler\u2019deki yaln\u0131zca 34 vakadan biriydi ve Avrupa\u2019da o y\u0131la kadar \u00f6yle \u00e7ok cad\u0131 mahkemesi kurulmu\u015ftu ki 34 say\u0131s\u0131 bunun yan\u0131nda pire kal\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n Pendle Cad\u0131lar\u0131:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n Pendle cad\u0131lar\u0131, 1612 y\u0131l\u0131nda Good Friday\u2019deki Pendle Tepesi Malkin Tower\u2019da bir Sabat (cad\u0131lar\u0131n toplant\u0131 yeri)\u2019a kat\u0131ld\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 itiraf etmeleriyle \u00fcnlendiler. Pendle efsanesi, Mart 1612\u2019de Alison Device\u2019\u0131n John Law ad\u0131nda bir sat\u0131c\u0131yla bulu\u015fup ondan bir i\u011fne istemesiyle ba\u015flar. Law, kendisinde i\u011fne olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler ve daha sonra bu adam bir k\u00f6\u015fede d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcp kendini fel\u00e7 ge\u00e7irirken bulur. Law\u2019\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na gelen bu olay\u0131n bir cad\u0131l\u0131k olay\u0131 oldu\u011fundan \u015f\u00fcphelenilir ve yerel sulh mahkemesi yarg\u0131c\u0131 Roger Nowell konu hakk\u0131nda bilgilendirilir.<\/p>\n Alison, b\u00fcy\u00fckannesi Old Demdike\u2019in bilgileri \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u015feytanla bir anla\u015fma yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve Law\u2019dan intikam almak i\u00e7in onu b\u00fcy\u00fcledi\u011fini itiraf etti. Ayr\u0131ca mahkemede, kavgal\u0131 olduklar\u0131 bir ailenin \u00fcyesi olan Old Chattox\u2019u da cad\u0131l\u0131kla su\u00e7lad\u0131. B\u00f6ylece her iki ailenin \u00fcyeleri ve bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndakilere de su\u00e7lamalar \u00e7orap s\u00f6k\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi dizildi.<\/p>\n 1612 yaz\u0131nda toplamda 19 ki\u015fi tutukland\u0131 Bunlar\u0131n bir k\u0131sm\u0131 Samlesbury\u2019deki su\u00e7lamalar\u0131n oldu\u011fu ki\u015fileri kaps\u0131yordu. Kurulacak bir \u00f6zel mahkeme i\u00e7in bu 19 ki\u015fi bekletilmek \u00fczere Lancaster \u015eatosu\u2019na g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler. Tutsak olarak kalmalar\u0131 I James ile VI. James\u2019in 1604 yasalar\u0131ndan ileri geliyordu. Ancak daha sonra bu yasa, 1563 yasas\u0131 ile de\u011fi\u015ftirildi ve bu yasa ile cad\u0131l\u0131kta \u00f6l\u00fc bedenleri kullanman\u0131n ve k\u00f6t\u00fc ruhlar\u0131 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rman\u0131n cezas\u0131 idam olmu\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n 20 A\u011fustos 1612\u2019de iki erkek ve sekiz kad\u0131n, Lancester\u2019\u0131n yukar\u0131s\u0131ndaki bozk\u0131rlarda dara\u011fac\u0131na dikilerek as\u0131ld\u0131lar. Bu olay\u0131n, yap\u0131lan cad\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n t\u00fcr\u00fcne g\u00f6re Kuzey Berwick vakas\u0131n\u0131 and\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 da su g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez bir ger\u00e7ek.<\/p>\n Cad\u0131 Avc\u0131s\u0131 General Hopkins:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u0130ngiltere\u2019de cad\u0131 davalar\u0131, 1640 \u0130\u00e7 Sava\u015f\u0131 ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda azald\u0131. Fakat bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda \u201cCad\u0131 Avc\u0131s\u0131 General\u201d lakapl\u0131 Matthew Hopkins ve arkada\u015f\u0131 John Stearne \u00fclkenin do\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerinde \u00f6l\u00fcm ve korku salan mahkemeler kurdular. \u015eeytanla anla\u015fma fikri yeni bir olay de\u011fildi ama \u015feytanla cinsel ili\u015fkiye vakalar\u0131 duyulunca avlar\u0131n ba\u015flamas\u0131 da b\u00fcy\u00fck b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nem kazand\u0131.<\/p>\n 1645 a\u011fustosunda B\u00fcy\u00fck Yarmouth Birli\u011fi, \u015f\u00fcpheli 16 cad\u0131y\u0131 g\u00f6zlemesi i\u00e7in iki ki\u015fi g\u00f6revlendirdi. Bunlardan ikisi \u00f6l\u00fcm cezas\u0131na \u00e7arpt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131 ve idam edildi. Birisi, ya\u015fl\u0131 bir kad\u0131n, siyahi ve uzun boylu bir adam k\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda olan \u015feytanla i\u015fbirli\u011fi yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 itiraf etti. Kad\u0131n, eline bir \u00e7ak\u0131 al\u0131yor, kan\u0131n\u0131 ak\u0131tana kadar elini \u00e7iziyor ve \u015feytan da kad\u0131n\u0131n elini y\u00f6nlendirerek kad\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131, \u015feytan\u0131n kitab\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerine bu akan kanla kad\u0131na imza att\u0131r\u0131yormu\u015f.<\/p>\n \u015eeytan\u0131n kitab\u0131na imza atma d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesi, bu d\u00f6nemin \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcyd\u00fc. Bu d\u00f6nemde Pr\u00fctan Meclisi insanlardan kiliselerine ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k yemini ve anla\u015fmas\u0131 yapmalar\u0131n\u0131 bekliyor ve insanlar\u0131 kiliseye imzaya davet ediyorlard\u0131. Tahmin edilir ki burada da \u015feytan, insanlardan kendilerine kat\u0131lmalar\u0131n\u0131 bekliyor ve kitab\u0131na imza at\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 bekliyordu. Yani Pr\u00fctanlar\u0131n tam tersine i\u015fler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi fikrine dayan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n Avc\u0131 General Hopkins, 300 dolaylar\u0131nda duru\u015fma ve 100 civar\u0131nda idam\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131ktan 2 y\u0131l sonra \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n Christian Shaw Vakas\u0131:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n \u0130ngiltere\u2019de cad\u0131l\u0131ktan dolay\u0131 idam karar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan son resmi belge 1682\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015firken 1697\u2019de \u0130sko\u00e7ya Paisley\u2019de cad\u0131l\u0131kla adam \u00f6ld\u00fcrme su\u00e7undan \u00fc\u00e7 erkek ve d\u00f6rt kad\u0131n olmak \u00fczere yedi ki\u015fi idamla yarg\u0131land\u0131.<\/p>\n Trajedi, Renfrewshire\u2019daki Bargarran topra\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sahibi John Shaw\u2019\u0131n 11 ( on bir ) ya\u015f\u0131ndaki k\u0131z\u0131 Christian Shaw\u2019\u0131n krizleriyle ba\u015flad\u0131. Christian k\u00f6r olmu\u015f ve dilsiz kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Christian bu krizler esnas\u0131nda sa\u00e7 yumaklar\u0131, t\u00fcyler, kemikler, ot ve di\u011fer \u00e7e\u015fitli nesneler kusuyordu. Baz\u0131 tan\u0131klar, g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen bir g\u00fcc\u00fcn sahip olduklar\u0131 evi kontrol etti\u011fini ve bunu g\u00f6zleriyle g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerini iddia ediyorlard\u0131.<\/p>\n Christian ilk olarak toprak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131ndan Katherine Campell\u2019\u0131 ve Agnes Nasmith isimli dul bir kad\u0131n\u0131 kendisine cad\u0131l\u0131k yapmakla su\u00e7lad\u0131. Bununla birlikte sorguya \u00e7ekilmeleri i\u00e7in g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi \u015fah\u0131slar da vard\u0131. Toplamda otuz ki\u015fi sorguya \u00e7ekildi. Bunlardan alt\u0131s\u0131 cad\u0131l\u0131k yapmalar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 as\u0131ld\u0131lar ve yak\u0131ld\u0131lar. \u0130dama mahk\u00fbm edilen yedinci ki\u015fi ise idam edilmeden \u00f6nce intihar etti.<\/p>\n Bu olay, s\u00f6zde \u015feytan\u0131n ki\u015fiye sahip olmas\u0131 nedeniyle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclen cad\u0131l\u0131k davalar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130sko\u00e7ya\u2019daki ilkiydi. \u015eeytan taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netilme, \u015feytan\u0131n insan v\u00fccudunu kontrol etmesi ya da \u015feytan\u0131n insan v\u00fccuduna girmesi vakalar\u0131yla ilgili en \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 ger\u00e7ek, bunun \u0130ngiltere ve t\u00fcm Avrupa\u2019da onlarca y\u0131l adli takipte kalmas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/p>\n Daha sonra Bargarran Sahtek\u00e2r\u0131 olarak ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan Christian Shaw bir bakanla evlendi. Yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 su\u00e7lamalardan dolay\u0131 herhangi bir su\u00e7luluk duyup duymad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise bilinmez.<\/p>\n Krali\u00e7e Anne:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n 1712 Mart\u2019\u0131nda Walkern\u2019in Hertfordshire k\u00f6y\u00fcnden Jane Wenham Hertford\u2019da \u00f6zel kurulan bir mahkemede yarg\u0131land\u0131. 1604 yasas\u0131 olan kedi \u015fekline b\u00fcr\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f \u015feytanla samimi ili\u015fkiler kurmakla su\u00e7lan\u0131yordu.<\/p>\n Dava, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede dini ve siyasi bir tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n konusu oldu. Yarg\u0131\u00e7 John Powell, mahkeme salonunda ortaya konan kan\u0131ta ku\u015fkuyla bak\u0131yordu. \u0130\u015f, o an salonda bulunan bir tan\u0131\u011f\u0131n ifadesiyle iyice ilgin\u00e7le\u015fmeye ba\u015flayacakt\u0131. Salondaki bu tan\u0131k Wenham\u2019\u0131n u\u00e7abildi\u011fine tan\u0131kl\u0131k etti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Powell, insan\u0131n havada u\u00e7abilmesi ile ilgili bir kanunun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti; fakat j\u00fcri Wenham\u2019\u0131 su\u00e7lu buldu.<\/p>\n Jane, cad\u0131l\u0131ktan dolay\u0131 mahkemece su\u00e7u kan\u0131tlanan \u0130ngiltere\u2019deki son ki\u015fiydi. As\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verilmi\u015fti ancak devreye Krali\u00e7e Anne girdi ve Jane\u2019den bir \u00f6z\u00fcr diledi. Hayat\u0131n\u0131n geri kalan\u0131n\u0131 \u00fcst tabakan\u0131n korumas\u0131 alt\u0131nda ge\u00e7irdi. 1730\u2019da \u00f6ld\u00fc.<\/p>\n Bu davan\u0131n, bir \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 sona erdirdi\u011fi halen yaz\u0131l\u0131p \u00e7izilmektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc Wenham davas\u0131, cad\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bitiren bir olay de\u011fildi, insanlar\u0131n inan\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00fczerinde de farkl\u0131 ya da olumlu bir izlek b\u0131rakmad\u0131. On sekizinci y\u00fczy\u0131l \u0130ngiltere\u2019sinin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011funun cad\u0131l\u0131\u011fa inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 su g\u00f6t\u00fcrmez bir ger\u00e7ekti; bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu da olduk\u00e7a e\u011fitimli insanlard\u0131. Ve bizlere Wenham davas\u0131 g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir ki cad\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n hem halk aras\u0131nda hem de devlet d\u00fczeyinde siyasi, dini ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel s\u0131n\u0131flarda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6nemi vard\u0131.<\/p>\n Kaynak:<\/strong> notdefterin.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Y\u0131l 1441: Y\u00fcksek Mevkilerde B\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck: Hen\u00fcz cad\u0131l\u0131k mahkemeleri \u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce, dikkat \u00e7ekici en \u00f6nemli b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fck olay\u0131 1441\u2019de ya\u015fand\u0131. Ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en \u015fah\u0131s, Gloucester D\u00fc\u015fesi Eleanor Cobham\u2019d\u0131. VI. Henry\u2019yi b\u00fcy\u00fc yaparak \u00f6ld\u00fcrmeye yeltendi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclen Margery Jourdemayne ve Roger Bolingbroke isimli bir b\u00fcy\u00fcc\u00fcy\u00fc yan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 gerek\u00e7esiyle su\u00e7lan\u0131yordu. Hepsi t\u00fcm\u00fcyle su\u00e7lu bulundu. Robert, bu t\u00fcr i\u011fren\u00e7 i\u015flerler …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3232,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-398","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-paranormal-olaylar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/398","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=398"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/398\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3233,"href":"https:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/398\/revisions\/3233"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3232"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=398"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=398"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kosmosmacerasi.com\/v1\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=398"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}